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How do I use a gloss meter to measure gloss?

Glossmeter Selection

What is a gloss meter?

A glossmeter (also known as a gloss meter) is an instrument which is used to measure the specular reflection of a surface such as gloss. Gloss is determined by projecting a beam of light at a fixed intensity and angle onto a surface and measuring the amount of reflected light at an equal but opposite angle.

Glossmeter Specular Reflection
Novo-Gloss 60° Glossmeter
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What glossmeter do I need?

 

Identify the surface that you wish to measure.  Is it a flat surface? If so, it can be measured with a traditonal gloss meter. 

Curved surfaces should be measured using equipment specifically designed for this type of application. Benchtop and handheld instruments are available for these applications.

Selecting the correct glossmeter is dependent on the application and level of gloss of the surface.  Each gloss meter specifies the measuring angles utilised.

'Measurement angle' refers to the angle between the incident and reflected light. Three measurement angles (20°, 60°, and 85°) are specified to cover the majority of coatings applications. The angle is selected based on the anticipated gloss range, as shown in the following table.

Gloss Range60° ValueNotes
High Gloss>70 GUIf measurement exceeds 70 GU at 60°, change test setup to 20°

Examples of high gloss finishes include:

High Gloss Finish on a New Car
High Gloss Finish on Polished Concrete
Polished Metal with a High Gloss Finish
Gloss Range60° ValueNotes
Medium Gloss10 - 70 GU

Examples of medium gloss finishes include:

Modern kitchen interior 3d render - furniture with a medium gloss finish
Medium Gloss finish on Cartons and Packaging
Plastics with a medium gloss finish
Gloss Range60° ValueNotes
Low Gloss<10 GUIf measurement is less than 10 GU, change test setup to 85°

Examples of low gloss finishes include:

Seamless linen canvas with a low gloss measurement
Carbon Fibre with Low Gloss
Leather is another example of a Low Gloss Finish

GU is the measurement unit for gloss, the ranges are as followed:

20 degrees: 0-2000 GU (where 0 is matt and 2000 is a perfect mirror)

60 degrees: 0-1000 GU (where 0 is matt and 1000 is a perfect mirror)

85 degrees: 0-199 GU (where 0 is matt and 199 is a perfect mirror)

20/60/85 Gloss Visual Representation

Selecting the correct angle for the application will optimise measurement accuracy.

Three types of instruments are available on the market: 60° single angle instruments, a combination of 20° and 60° and one type that combines 20°, 60° and 85°.

Two additional angles are used for other materials. An angle of 45° is specified for the measurement of ceramics, films, textiles and anodised aluminium, whilst 75° is specified for paper.

If a the appearance of a high gloss surface is affected by surface texture such as orange peel or a 'milky' finish or halos around reflections of bright light, these will need to be measured with the Rhopoint IQ

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